![1200种多肉植物图鉴](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/556/41733556/b_41733556.jpg)
沙鱼掌属
Gasteria
493.卧牛(Gasteria armstrongii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_5_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-AjXt5wj6jhnxd6XQtJCBgp65R4JmOQKW-0-bff1095232b133cf5e50122f2bd9e140)
冬季盆土保持有潮气。
株高3~5厘米,株幅5~6厘米。叶舌状,肥厚,坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面墨绿色,粗糙,被白色小疣,先端急尖,叶缘角质化。花小,筒状,上绿下红,下垂,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
494.卧牛石化 (Gasteria armstrongii ‘Monstrosus’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_8_m.jpg?sign=1738934446-TsJi13dxpY3ExcsWcWJyIfmP6aiZeBhM-0-eb5b8329eaf1d62de0b4ca25c6ae947f)
春、秋生长期每周浇水1次。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅15厘米。叶片舌状,肥厚坚硬,呈不规则叠生,叶面深绿色,新叶被白色小疣,成熟叶较光滑。花小,筒状,上绿下红,花期春末至夏季。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
495.美玲子宝 (Gasteria gracilis‘Albivariegata’ )
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_4_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-PqDqAg6xZYhyahZ9AsVGAcoEeL6b4iLA-0-521d1f8feb5ba3c1f1ccc269ba52f525)
换盆时剪除萎缩的枯叶。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 15~20 厘米。叶面布满白色斑点,有白色纵向条纹。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,春、夏季开花。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
496.奶油子宝 (Gasteria gracilis‘Variegata’ )
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_0_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-vwfaT372Iia51o2xSTsyEPrrRcyrSvb4-0-4f45676562f3b79ff34980f10348f7f7)
盛夏少浇水,多喷雾。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 15~20 厘米。叶片舌状,两侧互生,叶表面有深黄色斑纹。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,春、夏季开花。为沙鱼掌属的中间型种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
497.子宝锦 (Gasteria gracilis var. minima ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_2_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-t3WNzEjRwoGHyuwNkCKGTz6UQx95GIEH-0-875ed37a3a154b3f9f3e2f4031a89816)
需要明亮的散射光。
株高 3~4 厘米,株幅 12~15厘米。叶面深绿色,布满白色疣点,镶嵌纵向黄色条斑,厚 5~6 毫米。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
498.锦纱子宝 (Gsteria gracilis‘Jinsha Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_7_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-E7wSy3zV6etWyFOZ9i1HYrzon6bCT16k-0-a61eba67e24d420d392881ed67f36478)
喜通风良好的地方。
植株无茎而且矮小,叶质短而肥厚呈绿色,叶面布满不规则的白色斑纹,叶如舌状,呈二列,坚硬、肉质,叶缘角质化。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
499.象牙子宝(Gasteria gracilis var.minima‘Variegata ’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_1_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-cL9cJMDc3Z6zEPxnEkhP5bAMi0dG9v7k-0-bee6ebf371e50c9ebd0f13538acfe675)
夏季不能暴晒。
植株无茎,群生,叶质短而肥厚,呈二列生长,叶面直立或平行生长。叶面呈绿色,并布满不规则的白色斑纹,叶如舌状。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
500.虎子卷锦 (Gasteria gracilis‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_3_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-BiRlO0VzdZCXhnjkRY0ho4NdyKYDjwdZ-0-f7c2ac1fc865fe77874331981e3696e1)
盛夏少浇水。
株高10~15 厘米,株幅 20~30 厘米。叶面深绿色,布满白色小疣点,镶嵌纵向黄色条纹,厚 6~7 毫米。总状花序,花小,管状,橙红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
501.墨鉾 (Gasteria maculata)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_81_6_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-H1eNy4MUKV3mh6sniaEROwZqYW61EcBa-0-7dc8aae88abc7c76f5a94fac8b08772b)
换盆时将老化植株去掉。
叶舌状,呈二列,坚硬、肉质,叶缘角质化,表皮墨绿色,着生不规则的白色斑纹,背部隆起,布满白色斑纹。小花,下垂,粉红色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
502.恐龙卧牛 (Gasteria pillansii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_3_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-okkZ0t3TTcjYmlEzhZ54ur6hkZCyzIRr-0-4da62dbb633f54856c6e6af4e0661ba1)
休眠期多喷雾。
株高 3~5 厘米。叶片舌状,肥厚,坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面深绿色,散生白色小疣,先端急尖,叶缘角质化。花小,筒状,上绿下红,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
503.比兰西卧牛锦 (Gasteria pillansii ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_7_m.jpg?sign=1738934446-fmszsbMM5aTS54axNuXeWoEWQ3CJyfTJ-0-75c3b2851af1dc5485bba7e101bc1483)
夏季光线过强,叶片尖端部易变红。
叶片舌状,肥厚坚硬,呈两列叠生,叶面深绿色,散生着白色小疣点,镶嵌有纵向黄色条纹,甚至整叶黄色。花小,筒状,上绿色下橙色,花期春末至夏季。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
504.碧琉璃卧牛 (Gasteria armstrongii‘Nudum’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_2_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-u7S87GES4pBiBRlDn1x5DP35TWvrRGkH-0-f68918af56eca076a7b3407d5cfe2c4d)
勿使盆土过湿。
植株无茎,叶质肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面向两侧弯曲生长。叶面呈深绿色,无斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
505.春莺啭锦 (Gasteria batesiana ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_4_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-hMV6SrXXi3KokJW24M1WwDOMuG4VOdmi-0-18ae602e2e4ba414341af8eaee050fd6)
喜阳光充足环境。
叶状如舌形,全缘肉质,株型初为叠生叶成两列,后为莲座型,叶面呈墨绿色,有黄绿色条纹与白色斑点。习性强健,繁殖通常用分株和播种。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
506.玛瑙殿 (Gasteria neliana ‘Variegata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_9_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-fUuxUxQ3lSOFUCbStGb5Bo3zXQyNQvvJ-0-5b1974358fe54fdffc23fa8791d21b3e)
耐干旱和半阴。
植株无茎,叶质粗壮肥厚,全缘肉质,叶状如舌形。株型初为叠生叶成两列,后为莲座形,叶面呈墨绿色,布满不规则白色斑点与条纹。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
507.巨象 (Gasteria pillansii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_0_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-PMrnal0jM545bizCZRDfB79rZOaAgSkb-0-138335cf2bf9ad4f4bfb2a18cc325156)
刚买回的植株,摆放在阳光充足的地方。
植株无茎,叶质肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面直立或向两侧弯曲生长。叶面呈绿色,布满墨色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
508.短叶巨象 (Gasteria brevifolia)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_5_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-delaAzB2hL8qHpu2Wu6RGUQeeVAWohF5-0-2c8374f7c06586fe083d15e0eec59df9)
生长期盆土保持稍干燥为好。
植株无茎,群生,叶质粗壮肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面直立或向两侧平行生长。叶面呈墨绿色,叶面布满白色或墨色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
509.爱勒巨象 (Gasteria pillanii var. ernesti-ruschii)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_10_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-yeLGJSA6E5L8yvtyCyRUDDzyfJjFN58s-0-b2a24fbec4e9be28c56e9bdca79e3971)
休眠期,少浇水,多喷雾。
叶片舌状,叶面粗糙不平,宽阔肥厚,呈两列叠生,叶面呈深绿色,散生白色小疣,叶端急尖,叶缘角质化。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
510.暗
牛 (Gasteria carinata var. falcata’)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_1_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-6BkooIT9aJ7AfaeuzkLIPKzAXLzytqBY-0-2ac9a9e4252ca80b87a258912d0b58f5)
喜温暖、干燥的环境。
植株无茎群生,叶质粗壮肥厚,二叶对生,后为莲座状。叶面有细凹沟,叶体棱角化。叶面呈墨绿色,并密生白色斑点。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
511.钝叶青龙刀 (Gasteria liliputana)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_6_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-zTBwRi1Wab06mH4MwlrP3YKkGbmHPdpv-0-b82baef2b2d978cddb073dbe6d3135bf)
喜疏松、排水透气性良的土壤。
植株无茎,叶质粗壮肥厚,呈两列生长,叶面呈斜直生长。叶面呈深绿色,并布满白色斑点,叶状如舌。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)
512.沙鱼掌 (Gasteria verrucosa)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/image_82_8_s.jpg?sign=1738934446-azPK1ysaOHAOpPbEnjcc0s35uqOHN5JT-0-da0779215e6d18f592eec0a92bb1bfd2)
浇水遵循见干见湿原则。
株高20~30厘米,株幅10厘米,无茎。单叶互生,带状,长10~20厘米,先端渐尖,两面具拉拉扯扯色乳状突起;叶面粗糙,肉质。小花筒状,下垂,基部橙红色,先端绿色。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/562F6C/21779190708448706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img65.jpg?sign=1738934446-sp17OoxW52juxLuVuQhpCEiKkTlS9ivb-0-b84a5cf353d54f2f7ed9f20875941ee4)