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2.4 综合范例:配合捕捉与追踪功能精确画图
本例通过绘制如图2-67所示的简单零件的二视图,主要对点的捕捉、追踪及视图调整等功能进行综合练习和巩固。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_74_2.jpg?sign=1739239909-nd7zSbTrz3UYIdtxYzNqBoqsoVqMv6ez-0-5a7a5c811db8072e9c77c4bad8a454f6)
图2-67 简单零件的二视图
操作步骤
① 执行【文件】|【新建】命令,创建一个空白文件。
② 执行【视图】|【缩放】|【中心点】命令,将当前视图高度调整为150。命令行的操作提示如下:
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_75_1.jpg?sign=1739239909-pDdcsxmgHlpGJSJDpNYzzowvTC47SYTz-0-293cead08c467a1a884de1690c64ba5a)
③ 执行【工具】|【草图设置】命令,打开【草图设置】对话框,然后分别设置【极轴追踪】和【对象捕捉】选项卡中的参数,如图2-68和图2-69所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_75_2.jpg?sign=1739239909-y4ANshPkkoi0Fj6M7K8XZ4RGEU2vCjw2-0-2bb84c21a3cc449a39270a2ef8d8c799)
图2-68 设置【极轴追踪】参数
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_75_3.jpg?sign=1739239909-uaNFjXXpx0seAQKo2y4EVvRiuwRCj9bV-0-9653b7a46ad01284f19ee5b1627b654b)
图2-69 设置【对象捕捉】参数
④ 按F12键,打开状态栏上的【动态输入】功能。
⑤ 单击【绘图】面板中的按钮,激活【直线】命令,使用【点的精确输入】功能绘制主视图外轮廓线,结果如图2-70所示。命令行的操作提示如下:
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_75_6.jpg?sign=1739239909-zivhASddd8R3t8SB4WokKQsyO8PpzoJP-0-32192c6c0874b2627939118637a3cfc1)
图2-70 绘制结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_75_5.jpg?sign=1739239909-SL93uSovzivl5MYp3dzSCdpqYbY2HqLO-0-295832a5395256cce2982df636fc70fb)
⑥ 重复执行【直线】命令,配合端点捕捉、延伸捕捉和极轴追踪功能,绘制俯视图的外轮廓线。命令行的操作提示如下:
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_1.jpg?sign=1739239909-hxyOpzM03nwFIbwpD2klqGaiDo0sKKcg-0-5b07346ca7e0ab79b60203302e5f620a)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_2.jpg?sign=1739239909-PaFiKgOiFK0RRK57gANYK7eUcSnS7X2L-0-748825ec7fb7a5d2972dcad2797d65d0)
图2-71 定位延伸点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_3.jpg?sign=1739239909-mGr6i7Ol9wfaLWgFSbczIB3QsbKs2lDf-0-c9e3051856b4bbf1e16789f2f8cfc65f)
图2-72 引出延伸虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_4.jpg?sign=1739239909-DNB35OXLEVng6dKgbOpNoI2Pp4LZ8dt6-0-08161b3dba2ffc4b07c1917e54753c8c)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_5.jpg?sign=1739239909-Oo8tqi0e99FWy5bCPzvZYXctbFDtKG5P-0-6b58245b2c60d5d360203a117021e5aa)
图2-73 引出极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_6.jpg?sign=1739239909-ZHrNhtaNhLuJwmnUlzRswVxzd0DQsk36-0-2739fa7bb81a35513b34f1c68004d7ae)
图2-74 引出极轴虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_7.jpg?sign=1739239909-nqpSNlc2VLFJD8wxLYz4Q7oDCqkdia2c-0-242ff050f815e93c094902ef6d9c763f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_8.jpg?sign=1739239909-6oB9AdSYyDha2vq4LY0snAxxBe8zSdHL-0-28ad3ac38e78948b92d94e5e68339e23)
图2-75 引出极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_9.jpg?sign=1739239909-gvsr8y4ypHwWiwr6fcaHswYHqB5GB7aW-0-fc5b1d68bf94780d2e74ea2b74e3ea13)
图2-76 绘制结果
⑦ 重复执行【直线】命令,配合端点捕捉、交点捕捉、垂足捕捉和对象捕捉追踪功能,绘制内部的垂直轮廓线。命令行的操作提示如下:
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_76_10.jpg?sign=1739239909-66TVRWxjBCclpEv9ynKQkT9U61Mdda9d-0-2c8cce692769ea44551612d88a7d59e9)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_77_1.jpg?sign=1739239909-x8XhLqzroxi1dXyUlT50Ieq2Fxhq6lhY-0-f169314a50bfdf8756e3d1ad03ab0162)
图2-77 引出对象追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_77_2.jpg?sign=1739239909-8PGGkbNyydJHmFIwXZP1k1SRwEI18nLd-0-25cc077ee51c6f36a1b6cd49fdad616e)
图2-78 捕捉交点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_77_3.jpg?sign=1739239909-yucuIko8Pj0hPIK1QLkP5qRo6TCQfumZ-0-dbe9f113980ca55a0b1b855733722552)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_77_4.jpg?sign=1739239909-vPryoXAcT3DBjdGuz7btAvN0eBii0xK9-0-182546abf602428514398479b8ff6941)
图2-79 捕捉垂足点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_77_5.jpg?sign=1739239909-I8zHeeETPP9JAyYxrHoTJ6OgP65jK7k9-0-5537e9d6a75a843fb36643aa1f24f5e4)
图2-80 绘制结果
⑧ 执行【绘图】|【直线】命令,配合端点、交点、对象追踪和极轴追踪等功能,绘制右侧的垂直轮廓线。命令行的操作提示如下:
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_77_6.jpg?sign=1739239909-j2jX0aPVYFMQPWc9tiShCVEHbYKAZr6i-0-aca203da60e17604908ee2a868c50603)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_77_7.jpg?sign=1739239909-PBMgB0Nwj6KymzcmZ4v61HBFbEHckMav-0-bebf1f9ec9cce29811c4aca4b45b0a3c)
图2-81 引出对象追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_77_8.jpg?sign=1739239909-UBTnacORNSmbzD1ZE5RzcJ1b2OEDlJWU-0-34f35b2e0cdc3f07ba8ab8d880738645)
图2-82 捕捉交点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_77_9.jpg?sign=1739239909-QOBImcWP5JMrwfoO3MfZCvdXWvhMzSvK-0-1fc51f12c3c5509e27f495a190c8a0c2)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_78_1.jpg?sign=1739239909-9o1bpdeUJybqOeMT8B1y2hQuKwz8hMSC-0-b5c3e6c9343394cc5fb010477f982546)
图2-83 引出极轴追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_78_2.jpg?sign=1739239909-kmZjrap2lulClX9SysNOOpU5qkJ0DxuW-0-5814a6ecffc3959dd9cc975f569e45f8)
图2-84 捕捉交点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_78_3.jpg?sign=1739239909-70cARpr5tSo8a2NlKEtbykJqJIWtO6Xw-0-5225d3efadcd733488edb4b3d3c76ef0)
图2-85 绘制结果
⑨ 参照操作步骤7、8,使用【直线】命令配合捕捉追踪功能,根据两视图的对应关系,绘制内部垂直轮廓线,结果如图2-86所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_78_4.jpg?sign=1739239909-ftS2NCF0YZE4obyOB16ZU5nulvBio4Nj-0-f701c030200c324dec76bc61d1391d79)
图2-86 绘制内部垂直轮廓线
⑩ 执行【格式】|【线型】命令,打开【线型管理器】对话框,单击【加载】按钮,从弹出的【加载或重载线型】对话框中加载名为HIDDEN2的线型,单击【确定】按钮,如图2-87所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_78_5.jpg?sign=1739239909-99uA0VImgttxUQUt7xPcZP5Rq782rUMI-0-934fd2e77d444f43c66b4111eeba8110)
图2-87 加载线型
⑪ 加载结果如图2-88所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_79_1.jpg?sign=1739239909-6ryC3tyXialId9FRDrZ0WnhqloBmLUzC-0-f4ffd1aa17fb6a7fadd46928aea0d183)
图2-88 加载结果
⑫ 在无命令执行的前提下,选择如图2-89所示的垂直轮廓线,然后在【特性】面板的【颜色控制】列表上单击,在展开的列表中选择【洋红】,更改对象的颜色特性。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_79_2.jpg?sign=1739239909-Ac4gPDu75BP09qBkE2Yvp5lT7vRdcWOA-0-094a3a977ee1715a0edf9f0e19eef43a)
图2-89 更改垂直轮廓线的颜色
⑬ 在【特性】面板的【线型控制】列表上单击,在展开的下拉列表中选择【HIDDEN2】选项,更改对象的线型,如图2-90所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_79_3.jpg?sign=1739239909-dBHUDGF66tId6AtkY5nCnFWlgaESs0DV-0-99887d77f2a3cb1c24327c3342bceff2)
图2-90 更改对象线型
⑭ 按Esc键,取消对象的夹点显示,最终结果如图2-91所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/9C77F5/16793577405323906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/38399_79_4.jpg?sign=1739239909-JlZuw4yfHHgPzpvJsYbwvIy5l54xjCJO-0-a6e9b44e3d58c5f3a15a82cbbae169ac)
图2-91 最终结果
⑮ 最后执行【文件】|【保存】命令,将图形保存。